What Is Brittle Diabetes?

Brittle diabetes, also known as labile diabetes, is one of the most complex forms of diabetes. It is characterized by extreme fluctuation in blood glucose levels. This can lead to either hyperglycemia (high blood glucose levels) or hypoglycemia (low blood glucose).

Individuals with brittle diabetes may experience symptoms such as shaking, headaches, dizziness, and even seizures. In this article, we will discuss what brittle diabetes is, what causes it, who is at risk, its common symptoms, how it is diagnosed and managed, and lifestyle tips for managing the condition.

What is Brittle Diabetes?

Brittle diabetes, also known as labile diabetes, is a rare type of diabetes characterized by frequent and unpredictable swings in blood sugar levels. People with brittle diabetes have difficulty maintaining consistent glucose control and may experience drastic changes in their blood sugar levels, even when following their prescribed treatments.

Brittle diabetes medically is often misdiagnosed, as the symptoms can be mistaken for other types of diabetes. In general, diabetes is a metabolic disorder caused by a person’s inability to properly regulate their blood sugar levels. With type 1 and type 2 diabetes, patients are typically able to maintain their blood sugar levels with proper diet, exercise, and medication, if necessary.

However, for people with brittle type 1 diabetes or type 2, even careful monitoring and treatment can be unsuccessful in managing glucose levels, leaving the patient feeling frustrated. The key to the successful management of brittle diabetes is the ability to identify and adjust treatment quickly before large swings in glucose levels can cause serious health problems. While the condition can be difficult to manage, with the right approach, those with brittle diabetes can still lead active and fulfilling lives.

What Causes Brittle Diabetes?

Although the exact cause of brittle diabetes is unknown, some potential causes include an inadequate response to insulin, stress, genetic predisposition, and environmental factors. Inadequate insulin response is thought to cause fluctuations in glucose levels, as the body is not able to properly process insulin, leading to ups and downs in blood sugar levels. Stress can also be a factor in the development of brittle diabetes, as it can lead to disturbances in the hormones and insulin production.

Stress can also disrupt the delicate balance of hormones, leading to extreme fluctuations in glucose levels. Genetics is a potential cause of brittle diabetes, as certain genes have been associated with the condition. In addition, certain environmental factors, such as certain medications or a sedentary lifestyle, can increase the risk of developing brittle diabetes.

Regardless of the cause, brittle diabetes is a serious condition that can have a significant impact on quality of life. It is important for individuals with brittle diabetes to monitor their glucose levels closely and to be aware of any potential triggers that may affect their condition. Working closely with a diabetes doctor is the best way to ensure that your treatment plan is tailored to your individual needs and to help manage your condition.

Who is at Risk for Brittle Diabetes?

While anyone with diabetes is at risk for this condition, there are certain populations that are more likely to experience it. Children and adolescents with diabetes are at a higher risk for brittle diabetes. This is because their body’s capacity to regulate glucose is not as well developed as that of adults. Also, adolescents are more likely to engage in risky behaviors, such as skipping meals, leading to unstable glucose levels.

Type 1 diabetics are also more likely to experience brittle diabetes. This is because they must rely on insulin injections to control their blood glucose levels, and if they miss a dose or have an inaccurate dosage, this can lead to unstable levels. In addition, individuals who have had diabetes for a long period of time may be more prone to brittle diabetes. This is because their bodies have been exposed to high blood glucose levels for an extended period of time, weakening their ability to regulate glucose properly.

Lastly, those who suffer from mental illness or stress are more likely to experience brittle diabetes. Stress hormones can interfere with the body’s ability to process glucose. Also, mental illness can lead to erratic behavior, such as skipping meals and not taking medication as prescribed, which can lead to unstable glucose levels.

In summary, anyone with diabetes is at risk for brittle diabetes, but there are certain populations that are more likely to experience it. These include children and adolescents, people with type 1 diabetes, those who have had diabetes for a long time, and those who suffer from mental illness or stress.

Common Symptoms

A person with brittle diabetes may experience extreme fluctuations in their blood glucose levels, which can be dangerous and even life-threatening if not monitored and managed properly. Brittle diabetes can be triggered by a number of factors, both medical and environmental. Common symptoms of brittle diabetes include frequent and unexplainable episodes of hypoglycemia or low blood glucose.

A person with brittle diabetes may experience episodes of hypoglycemia with little or no warning. Other symptoms of brittle diabetes include episodes of ketoacidosis, which is when the body produces too much acid, and hyperosmolar hyperglycemic syndrome, which is when the body becomes too dehydrated. In addition to these physical symptoms, a person with brittle diabetes may experience psychological symptoms due to the constant stress and uncertainty associated with the condition.

These can include anxiety, fear, depression, and difficulty concentrating. If you believe that you or a loved one are exhibiting symptoms of brittle diabetes, it is important to seek medical attention. Treatment for brittle diabetes should include working closely with a doctor to develop a comprehensive treatment plan, including a diet and exercise plan, medication, and lifestyle changes. Proper management and monitoring of the condition is essential for the health and well-being of those living with brittle diabetes.

Feeling shaky

Brittle diabetes is a type of diabetes that is often misdiagnosed or undiagnosed due to its fluctuating nature. It is characterized by frequent episodes of labile glucose, which can cause patients to feel shaky and unwell. In brittle diabetes, glucose levels can swing from high to low in the span of hours, or even minutes. This creates a level of unpredictability that can be hard to manage. The most common symptoms of brittle diabetes are frequent episodes of hypoglycemia, which is when the blood sugar levels drop below the safe range (70 mg/dL or lower).

Additionally, patients may experience frequent swings in blood sugar levels, rapid changes in insulin sensitivity, and difficulty maintaining normal blood sugar levels. The cause of brittle diabetes is still unknown, though it is thought to be an autoimmune disorder that is triggered by certain environmental factors.

Some possible triggers may include stress, changes in diet, changes in physical activity, or changes in medications. Currently, the primary treatments for brittle diabetes are lifestyle modifications and insulin therapy. Patients should work closely with their healthcare provider to ensure that their treatment regimen is tailored to their individual needs and goals.

Dietary modifications, physical activity, and medication adjustments may be recommended to reduce episodes of labile glucose. Additionally, patients should monitor their blood glucose levels frequently and manage their insulin therapy accordingly. In conclusion, brittle diabetes is a complex condition that can take a toll on the mental and physical health of those affected by it.

However, with effective management and treatment, it is possible to manage symptoms and maintain a more stable level of glucose in the body. Patients should work closely with their healthcare provider to find an individualized treatment plan that is right for them.

Fast Heart Rate

One of the classic physical signs of brittle diabetes is a rapid heart rate, which can be caused by hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia. A rapid heart rate is defined as a heart rate of more than 100 beats per minute. Patients with brittle diabetes commonly experience a rapid heart rate as a result of their glucose levels changing rapidly. If blood glucose levels become too low, the patient may experience hypoglycemia.

This can cause the body to release hormones like epinephrine, which increases the heart rate to compensate for the lowered blood sugar. Conversely, when blood sugar levels are too high, insulin levels can drop, again causing a rise in heart rate as the body attempts to compensate. While a rapid heart rate is a common symptom of brittle diabetes, it is important to note that it is not always an indication of the disease itself.

Other factors, such as physical activity or stress, can cause a rapid heart rate that is not related to brittle diabetes. However, if a rapid heart rate is coupled with other symptoms of the disease, it is important to seek medical attention. The key to properly managing brittle diabetes is to manage the glucose levels.

Monitoring glucose levels throughout the day and adjusting insulin levels as needed is vital to keeping glucose levels in check. Additionally, it is important to eat a healthy, balanced diet and to stay active to help regulate glucose levels. By managing glucose levels, patients can help prevent some of the more serious complications of the disease.

Dizziness

Dizziness is a common symptom in those with brittle diabetes. Dizziness can present as feeling lightheaded or unsteady and can be accompanied by other symptoms including fainting, confusion, blurred vision, and headache. When it comes to diabetes, dizziness can be caused by either decreased blood flow to the brain due to hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) or dehydration due to hyperglycemia (high blood sugar).

It is important to note that even mild cases of hypoglycemia can cause temporary dizziness, and this can be a sign of brittle diabetes. In cases of severe dizziness, it is important to seek medical care, as this can be a sign of a more serious condition. It is also important for individuals with brittle diabetes to track their symptoms, as this can help doctors to determine the best course of action for managing the condition.

Headache

Headache associated with hypoglycemia occurs due to a lack of glucose to the brain, which can cause the capillaries in the brain to constrict. This can lead to a headache, as well as other symptoms such as dizziness, confusion, and fatigue. Headache from hypoglycemia is typically described as a throbbing headache, often localized on one side of the head. It may be accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain.

Headache associated with hyperglycemia is due to increased osmotic pressure in the brain, which occurs when glucose levels are too high and fluid is retained in the brain. This type of headache is often described as a diffuse, dull, and persistent headache. It may be accompanied by fatigue and confusion. Both hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia can cause severe complications if left untreated, such as coma or even death.

It is important to note that not all people with brittle diabetes experience headaches with changes in blood sugar. However, for those that do, it can be a sign that their diabetes is not controlled, and should be taken seriously. To reduce the risk of headaches associated with diabetes, it is important to properly control blood sugar levels. This can be achieved through a combination of a healthy diet, exercise, and medication.

Additionally, individuals should monitor their blood sugar levels regularly and document any changes. This will help them better identify any patterns of hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia that could be causing headache. Having a support system of friends and family who are aware of the symptoms of brittle diabetes can also be beneficial in helping individuals manage their condition more successfully.

Seizures

Seizures can be a serious complication of brittle diabetes. Symptoms of seizure due to brittle diabetes can vary and may include confusion, temporary muscle stiffness (often referred to as clonus), loss of consciousness, involuntary movements, and muscle twitches. Seizures can range from mild to severe and can last from several seconds to multiple minutes.

Patients with brittle diabetes may also have recurrent seizures that occur with little or no warning. It’s important that anyone with brittle diabetes be closely monitored and receive regular care to minimize the risk of seizures. A doctor should be consulted immediately if a patient experiences any of the symptoms associated with a seizure.

Blood glucose levels should be monitored closely and treatment should be adjusted if needed. Careful monitoring of medication, diet, and exercise will also help to keep glucose levels under control. Patients should also seek regular medical care for any changes in their health and to manage any other medical conditions.

Diagnosing Brittle Diabetes - Who Gets It?

Brittle diabetes diagnosis begins with a patient's medical history and physical examination. A doctor may also test a patient's blood sugar levels, to determine if they are regularly associated with large fluctuations. An A1c test can be taken to measure the average of a patient's blood sugar over the last two to three months. If the A1c is high, it can be an indicator of diabetes - and if it is frequently changing, this could be a sign of brittle diabetes.

A doctor may also ask a patient if they have any signs of hypoglycemia, such as dizziness, sluggishness, confusion or headache. These symptoms can be caused by diabetes, and if they happen often, it could point to brittle diabetes. In some cases, a doctor may order tests to get more insight into a patient's metabolism.

These tests can help provide more insight into how their body uses sugar, fat, and proteins. This can help determine if a patient is at risk for developing brittle diabetes. Diagnosing brittle diabetes requires careful monitoring and careful management. With the right treatment and lifestyle changes, many patients with brittle diabetes are able to manage their condition and lead healthy, active lives.  

Living with Brittle Diabetes

Living with Brittle Diabetes can be a challenging and demanding condition. Brittle Diabetes is a rare form of diabetes that is characterized by extreme instability in blood sugar levels, otherwise known as labile glucose.

This is caused by frequent and rapid shifts in blood sugar levels that can make it difficult for patients to properly manage the condition. Living with Brittle Diabetes requires ongoing monitoring of blood sugar levels and regular adjustments to insulin dosage and other medications to keep the condition under control.

It is important for those with Brittle Diabetes to have a support system of healthcare professionals who can help them manage the condition and ensure their overall health. Brittle Diabetes can be particularly dangerous during times of stress or illness, as it can suddenly cause glucose levels to spike or drop. It is important for those with Brittle Diabetes to follow a strict diet and exercise plan established by their healthcare team to help maintain a healthy level of glucose.

It is also important to avoid extreme stress and illness, as these can have an unpredictable effect on blood sugar. It is important to recognize the signs and symptoms of Brittle Diabetes and to seek immediate medical attention if they occur. Symptoms can include elevated blood glucose levels, excessive thirst or hunger, sudden or extreme fatigue, confusion, blurry vision, and nausea.

If any of these symptoms are present, it is important to contact your doctor. Living with Brittle Diabetes can be a difficult and challenging experience, but it is possible to live a healthy and active life with the proper care and support. It is important to remember that regular monitoring of blood sugar and adjustments to insulin and other medications are essential to managing the condition and avoiding potentially life-threatening complications.

3 Foods for brittle diabetes

The key to managing brittle diabetes is to maintain a balanced diet that is low in refined carbohydrates, as these can cause sudden spikes in glucose levels. It is also important to include foods that can help stabilize blood glucose and insulin levels. Here are three foods that can help with managing brittle diabetes:

Whole grains

Whole grains are an excellent source of dietary fiber, which helps to slow down the digestion of carbohydrates, preventing spikes in glucose levels. Furthermore, they are rich in magnesium, which helps regulate insulin sensitivity. Choose whole-grain bread or pasta, oats, barley, buckwheat, and quinoa.

Low-glycemic fruits and vegetables

Certain fruits and vegetables are considered low-glycemic, meaning that they are absorbed more slowly and raise blood glucose levels more gradually. These include tomatoes, carrots, apples, pears, and oranges.

Lean protein

Protein plays an important role in regulating digestion and helping to keep blood glucose levels steady. Choose lean proteins such as fish, chicken, and eggs. Other options include beans, nuts, and seeds. Incorporating these foods into your diet can help reduce the risk of labile glucose levels and hypoglycemic episodes, making it easier to manage brittle diabetes. It is important to speak with a doctor or dietitian to find the right balance of nutrition for your individual needs.

3 Best Supplements for Brittle Diabetes

Apart from foods, supplements can also be helpful in managing Brittle diabetes. Here are some of the best supplements for brittle diabetes:

Alpha-lipoic acid

Alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) is an important antioxidant that has been shown to help stabilize blood glucose levels in people with diabetes. It helps to reduce insulin resistance, allowing the body to better respond to glucose and use it more efficiently. ALA is found naturally in some foods, including broccoli, spinach, and potatoes. It's also available in supplement form.

Chromium

Chromium is an essential mineral that helps to regulate glucose levels in people with diabetes. Research has shown that it works by enhancing the effects of insulin in the body, preventing insulin resistance and helping to stabilize glucose levels. Chromium can be found in foods like eggs, liver, and some whole grains, but it's also available in supplement form.

Magnesium

Magnesium is an important mineral that helps to balance blood sugar levels and prevent insulin resistance. Research has shown that people with brittle diabetes may have lower magnesium levels than those without the condition, so it's important to get enough of this important mineral. Magnesium can be found in foods like almonds, spinach, and avocados, and it's also available in supplement form.

These are three of the best supplements for brittle diabetes, though there are other supplements that may offer benefits as well. If you are considering taking supplements for brittle diabetes, it's important to speak with your doctor first to ensure that the supplement is safe for you and that it won't interact with any other medications you may be taking.

SugarMD Advanced Glucose Support

SugarMD’s Advanced Glucose Support is designed to help stabilize glucose levels in those with liable blood glucose levels. The supplement contains an herbal blend of ingredients. Together, these ingredients work to normalize glucose levels and help the body better regulate metabolic processes.

Conclusion

In conclusion, Brittle Diabetes is a dangerous form of the disease and requires a high level of vigilance in diagnoses and management. The best way to stay on top of your diabetes is to keep up with regular check-ups, follow all doctor recommendations, and, if prescribed, take the necessary medications and supplements.

Eating a healthy balanced diet and exercising regularly are also vital to help manage your symptoms and maintain control of your diabetes. With the right care and lifestyle changes, people with Brittle Diabetes can lead long and healthy lives.

About The Author

Who is Dr. Ergin? Dr. Ahmet Ergin is an endocrinologist interested in and passionate about diabetes care. Dr. Ergin earned his medical degree with honors at Marmara University School of Medicine in Istanbul, Turkey. Then, he completed his internal medicine residency and endocrinology fellowship at Cleveland Clinic in Cleveland, Ohio.

He is a board-certified Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, diabetes, and metabolism physician. He is also a certified diabetes education specialist.   Disclaimer: Any information on diseases and treatments on this website is for general guidance only. It must never be a substitute for the advice your doctor or other qualified healthcare professional provides. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified healthcare professional’s advice with questions regarding your medical condition.